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Sains Malaysiana 54(10)(2025): 2353-2365
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5410-02
Localized Downcore Variation of Microbial Profiles in
Mangrove Sediments and Its Role in Blue Carbon Storage
(Variasi Kedalaman Setempat Profil Mikrob dalam Sedimen Bakau dan Peranannya dalam Penyimpanan Karbon Biru)
NURUL AQEELA1, NUR HIDAYAH1, NABILAH KHAIRI2, NUR HAZLIN
HAZRIN-CHONG2 & MOHAMMAD ROZAIMI1,3,*
1Department
of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 21 Februari 2025/Diterima: 30 Julai 2025
Abstract
The profiling of the composition and diversity of
microbial communities in mangrove sediments allow for the understanding of blue
carbon storage. This study investigated the downcore variation of microbial
profiles and related carbon fixation pathways in mangrove sediments of Pulau Seribuat, Malaysia. 16s RNA
sequencing was carried out on replicate cores in three depth layers. The
bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetota showed significant downcore variation
within the sediment depths. Proteobacteria showed highest abundance in the top
layer while Chloroflexi dominated the bottom layer.
Statistical analysis indicated that Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi abundance were both significantly different between top and bottom layers,
while the middle layer acted as a transition zone for the microbial community.
Further analysis of predicted functional pathways indicated the prevalence of
the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle and the reverse tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycles throughout the three sediment layers. Although
trends were observed in their abundance, the PERMANOVA tests showed no
significant differences. These findings suggest that sediment microbial profile
is influenced by other factors such as oxygen and nutrient availability, which
in turn may affect the rates of carbon fixation. This suggests that the
microbial community composition may serve as a potential indicator for
processes within the blue carbon cycle, aiding in management of these
ecosystems.
Keywords: Carbon fixation; carbon release; KEGG
pathway; mangrove sediment; microbial profiles
Abstrak
Komposisi dan kepelbagaian komuniti mikrob dalam tanah bakau membolehkan pemahaman mengenai penyimpanan karbon biru. Penyelidikan ini mengkaji variasi profil mikrob mengikut kedalaman dan laluan penetapan karbon yang berkaitan dalam sedimen bakau di Pulau Seribuat, Malaysia. Penjujukan 16s RNA telah dijalankan pada tiga teras replikasi yang dikumpulkan dari tapak pensampelan. Tiga filum bakteria, iaitu Proteobakteria, Chlorofleksi dan Planctomycetota menunjukkan variasi ketara mengikut kedalaman sedimen. Proteobacteria menunjukkan kelimpahan tertinggi di lapisan atas sedimen, manakala Chlorofleksi mendominasi lapisan bawah yang bersifat anaerobik. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahawa kelimpahan Proteobakteria dan Chlorofleksi adalah berbeza secara signifikan antara lapisan atas dan bawah, manakala lapisan tengah berfungsi sebagai zon peralihan bagi profil tersebut. Analisis lanjut terhadap laluan fungsian yang diramalkan menunjukkan kehadiran kitaran Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) dan kitaran asid trikarboksilik songsang (rTCA) di seluruh lapisan sedimen. Walaupun terdapat trend dalam kelimpahan laluan ini, ujian PERMANOVA utama menunjukkan bahawa tiada perbezaan yang signifikan. Penemuan ini mencadangkan bahawa profil mikrob sedimen dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain seperti ketersediaan oksigen dan nutrien yang seterusnya boleh mempengaruhi kadar penetapan karbon. Ini mencadangkan bahawa komposisi komuniti mikrob mungkin berfungsi sebagai penunjuk berpotensi bagi proses dalam kitaran karbon biru, sekali gus membantu dalam pengurusan ekosistem ini.
Kata kunci: Laluan KEGG; pelepasan karbon; penetapan karbon; profil mikrob; sedimen bakau
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